Boron is a trace element with several health benefits. It is used for hormone regulation as it increases estrogen levels in post-menopausal women. It improves cognitive function for improved performance of hand-eye coordination, attention, perception, and memory. Boron may also be beneficial for people with joint disorders such as osteoarthritis. Boron helps regulate the use of calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus in the body. In one study it was shown to control cell growth. This mineral also plays a role in how the body uses energy from fats and sugars.

Calcium, a mineral vital to the human body, Calcium is necessary for many bodily functions, such as muscle contraction, and proper heart function.

Copper, a trace element that is essential for the human body. Copper is needed to absorb and utilize iron in the body. Copper is a part of enzymes, essentially proteins that assist biochemical reactions in cells.

Folic Acid is an essential water soluble vitamin. Though folic acid is needed for all age groups, folic acid supplements is necessary for aging people, pregnant women, smokers, women on oral contraceptives and heavy alcohol drinkers as their body have difficulty in absorbing folic acid through food. Folic acid has many vital functions to perform in our body. It helps in preventing heart disease, stroke, and may help prevent cervical, lung and colon cancer and helps in maturation of red blood cells. It’s recommended that pregnant women take folic acid supplementation through out pregnancy as it helps prevent premature delivery, low birth weight and fetal growth retardation. It may also help reduce the risk of renal disease in children and is necessary for fertility in both women and men. Some studies suggest that there is a relationship between folic acid and allergic diseases and depression. It also reduces risk of bone fractures, osteoporosis and helps prevent rheumatoid arthritis. It increases lipolysis and may help in preventing obesity and type 2 diabetes. In a study conducted it increased the short-term memory, mental agility and verbal fluency of people who consumed folic acid supplements (800mgs) daily. Folic acid supplements are also used to relieve hot flushes in postmenopausal women and helps correct anemia caused by vitamin B 12 deficiencies.

Magnesium, which is a mineral used by the body to help maintain muscles, bones, and nerves. Magnesium is also needed for energy metabolism and protein synthesis.

Manganese is a mineral that is required in small amounts to manufacture enzymes necessary for the metabolism of proteins and fat. It also aids the immune system and blood sugar balance. Manganese is also involved in the production of cellular energy, reproduction and bone growth.

Menatetrenone is a menaquinone compound, with chemical formula C31H40O2 and Mol. Mass 444.648 g/mol. It is also called tetraenyl naphthalene-1, 4-dione. It is used as a nutritional supplement because Menatetrenone is an essential nutrient in body also known as Vitamin K2 . Vitamin K2 is normally produced by bacteria in the large intestine. Its deficiency is rare unless the intestines are heavily damaged but can cause severe dysfunction of intestines. Menatetrenone is used in medicine as a hemostatic agent. It is also used, mostly in Japan, in adjunctive therapy for the pain of osteoporosis.

Ossein Microcrystalline Hydroxyapatite Complex is derived from the tissues of bovine bone. It is a potent source of calcium. It also contains collagen that helps maintain the flexibility of joints and provides strength to the bones. Ossein MCHC helps to keep the joints lubricated to prevent and relieve joint pains. It also contains phosphorus, Zinc, Copper, Manganese, Copper, Vitamin C, Vitamin D3, Menatetrenone and Strontium. It also help increase the ability of the stomach to absorb calcium. It helps in the development, building and maintaining of strong bones. It is also found to even stop or reverse the damages and bone loss associated with osteoporosis.

Phosphate (Phosphorus) is essential for normal heart and kidney functionin. It speeds up the healing of broken bones and other injuries and functions to metabolize fats and starches for energy, as well as being necessary for correct nerve impulses and for niacin assimilation. Phosphorus is needed for the growth, maintenance, and repair of all tissues and cells, and for the production of the genetic building blocks, DNA and RNA. Phosphorus is also needed to balance and metabolize other vitamins and minerals, including vitamin D, calcium, iodine, magnesium, and zinc. It is also important for forming cell membranes, the specialised layers that enclose body cells. It is a principal mineral of bones and teeth.

Silicon

Strontium is a grey/silvery metal which is only found naturally in compound form due to its high reactivity with oxygen and water. It should be kept in kerosene oil to prevent oxidation. Strontium commonly occurs in nature chiefly in the form of sulfate mineral celestite (SrSO4) and the carbonate strontianite (SrCO3). It’s the 15th most abundant element in earth crust and comprises 0.034% of all igneous rock. In scientific research Strontium is used in studies of neurotransmitter release in neurons. Like calcium, strontium facilitates synaptic vesicle fusion with the synaptic membrane. Recent studies show that the drug strontium ranelate, made by combining strontium with ranelic acid, was found to aid bone growth, increase bone density, and lessen vertebral, peripheral and hip fractures.

Vitamin B12 is a water soluble vitamin and is one of the 8 B vitamins. It has the chemical formula C63H88CoN14O14P. In the absence of Vitamin B12, the brain and the nervous system will not be able to function properly. It also plays a key role in the formation of blood. Vitamin B12 was discovered from its relation to the ailment pernicious anemia. Plants and animals are not capable of synthesizing VitaminB12; the enzymes required for this purpose are found only in bacteria. Vitamin B12 deficiency in human beings is due to its complex human physiology. It is available singly or in combination with other supplements.

Vitamin C is an obvious essential nutrient and a deficiency of this will cause scurvy. It is also an antioxidant and acts as an electron donor for eight different enzymes.

Vitamin D3 or cholecalciferol is a secosteroid and is structurally similar to steroids, such as testosterone and cholesterol. Depending upon its biochemistry and physiology, it has both inactive ( unhydroxylated cholecalciferol ) and active ( hydroxylated cholecalciferol at 1 and 25 position)forms in the body. The active form is actually a hormone and thus has profound effects on the body. It maintains the proper functioning of several body organs but its major function is to increase the blood calcium and phosphorus level by promoting their absorption from the intestines and then later to promote the reabsorption of calcium form the glomerular filtrate in the kidneys. In this way it has profound effects on the health of the bones by not only supporting the remodeling process but also proper bone mineralization.

Zinc is acknowledged as essential to the human organism. It is a trace element found in over a hundred and up to three hundred enzymes. It is the second most important mineral in the body, after iron. Zinc is also defined as an important catalytic agent, which is active in enzymatic reactions such as hydroxilation, which is essential for the protein forming amino acid proline, but also for hypoxia response. Zinc is naturally found in red meat, milk, spinach, nuts, oysters, beans and oats. Low zinc counts can attribute to a weakened immune system, interfere with muscle building, cause diarrhea and all kind of other deficiencies. In body building circles, Zinc is an important supplement, valued for the indirect increment of testosterone and the muscle building role.