BCAA or branched chain amino acids are required for muscle growth, maintenance and repair and protein synthesis. Having BCAA, supplements may help you get enough of these important amino acids in your diet. BCAA supplements help you optimize your muscle growth and recovery. A BCAA supplement replaces branched chain amino acids, which are exhausted whenever you perform tough exercises. These supplements may also help you in your attempt to lose fats. As these amino acids are required to make protein, they support muscle building and in eradicating fat from your body. Branched chain amino acids have benefits for your brain as well as your body. Amino acids are the source of neurotransmitters inside the brain, and taking a BCAA supplement will make sure that your brain has the requisite amount of these acids to work correctly and efficiently.

Benfotiamine B1- Benfotiamine is a form of thiamine that is lipid soluble. In recent studies benfotiamine has been found to help with sciatica, vascular health, general nerve health, improved blood pressure, general cellular protection, anti-aging, fibromyalgia, prevention of lactic acidosis, and treatment for Alzheimer’s disease.  It is being used in neuropathy, retinopathy and nephropathy. It strengthens the nervous system and even improves mental attitude. It is necessary in the treatment of beriberi, neuritis, and alcoholism. It can aide in digestion, fight sea sickness, promote growth, repel biting insects, and helps to regulate the heart.

Beta Carotene is rich in antioxidants and can be converted into vitamin A. Vitamin A is used in for several biological functions including the syntheses of certain glycoprotiens. Vitamin A deficiencies are linked to abnormal bone development, problems in the reproductive system, and exophthalmia. Beta carotene is converted into retinol. Retinol is essential for vision. Retinol is also converted into retinoic acid which is used for growth and cell differentiation. Beta carotene is naturally occurring in fruits, grains, oils, vegetables, carrots, sweet potatoes, squash, spinach, green peppers, and apricots. Beta carotene is produced commercially from palm oil, algae, and fungi.

Beta-Alanine- Non-essential amino acid beta-alanine is the only naturally occurring beta-amino acid. It is classified as a non-proteinogenic amino acid as it is not involved in the process of protein synthesis. Beta-alanine are obtained by ingesting dipeptides (carnosine, anserine and balenine) which are found in protein rich foods like chicken, beef, pork and fish. Most of the beta-alanine we ingest is through didpeptide carnosine since the other two are not found in our typical diets. However apart from the diet, beta-alanine is also synthesized in the liver from the catabolism of pyrimidine nucleotides. Beta-alanine is beneficial for those trying to gain muscle mass and increase strength. It is also useful for athletes who are looking for muscle strength, power and endurance. Since it is so useful for muscle development, several supplements used by athletes have beta alanine as a primary component.

Bioperine is a convenient and concentrated form of black pepper’s ingredient called piperine. Bioperine enhances bioavailability and absorption. Bioperine is a safe and pure nutritional piperine supplement. This is an alkaloid that is available from the fruits. Piperine is responsible for the ability of pepper to enhance the nutrients bioavailability. 95% piperine is present in Bioperine. Black pepper was popular as it was the most desired spice. The black pepper was useful in ayurvedic medicine as it increased the food digestibility. The pepper consumption shows positive indication by generating internal heat. The nutritional status is based on a person and his eating style. Bioperine enhances the heat production in the body and this result in food digestion and eventually the energy is used. Bioperine facilitates the bioavailability of nutrients in a broad range. Bioperine is considered to be a thermogenic local agent as it increases the thermogenic reactions. Bioperine is an apposite nutritional supplement identical to pepper that is to food.

Biotin is essential to cellular metabolism, as it plays an important coenzyme role in the metabolism of fats, carbohydrates and proteins.

Boron is a trace element with several health benefits. It is used for hormone regulation as it increases estrogen levels in post-menopausal women. It improves cognitive function for improved performance of hand-eye coordination, attention, perception, and memory. Boron may also be beneficial for people with joint disorders such as osteoarthritis. Boron helps regulate the use of calcium, magnesium, and phosphorus in the body. In one study it was shown to control cell growth. This mineral also plays a role in how the body uses energy from fats and sugars.

Bromelain ~

Calcium, a mineral vital to the human body, Calcium is necessary for many bodily functions, such as muscle contraction, and proper heart function.

Cetyl Myristoleate is created by a combining a fatty acid called myristoleic acid with cetyl alcohol. Cetyl alcohol was initially derived from whale, and later on, obtained from coconut and palm oils. Myristoleic acid or 9-tetradecenoic acid be found in certain animals and vegetables, it is an unsaturated fatty acid that has anti-inflammatory and pain relieving properties. Being derived from fatty acids, Cetyl myristoleate has the same benefits as the naturally found essential fatty acids in the human body. It is known to help in treating or alleviating rheumatisms as it lubricates the joints and muscles and the effects last longer. It also has anti-inflammatory and pain relieving properties.

Choline is an essential nutrient grouped with the Vitamin B complex and an organic compound. It is a natural amine can be found in the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and in the lipids which are in the cell membranes. Most well known supplement for choline is lecithin, but generally choline is found in egg yolks, soy, wheat germ and beef and poultry livers. Choline is commonly added to supplements which are deemed to reduce excess body fat, because of the claim that choline helps the body metabolize cholesterol and fat. In humans there is a choline transporter, which allows it to cross the blood-brain barrier, where it is believed to have nootropic effects, improving the cognitive abilities and memory.

Chondroitin- Chondroitin is a substance which occurs naturally in the body. It is an important ingredient of proteglycans – a protein molecule which provides elasticity to the cartilage. Chondroitin attracts fluid into proteoglycan molecule. Chondroitin is a compound which nourishes the connective tissues and synovial fluid. Synovial fluid lubricates the joint and works like a shock-absorber. It reduces arthritis symptoms but providing the body with needed nutrients which are essential for healthy joints. By providing joint cartilage they repair cells and make them strong and flexible. It stimulates the production of the ingredient collagen – needed for cushioning the structure towards the joint end. As compared to other pain relief medications, chondroitin is affordable and safe. Chondroitin is often combined with glucosamone to produce best results. It is also better to consult a physician as it makes some people agitated and uneasy.

Chromium.

Copper, a trace element that is essential for the human body. Copper is needed to absorb and utilize iron in the body. Copper is a part of enzymes, essentially proteins that assist biochemical reactions in cells.

Creatine Monohydrate allows the body to store water and aides in enhancing ATP production.

Curcumin is one of curcuminoid of turmeric, a polyphenol that gives turmeric its yellow color. Curcumin have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-carcinogenic, antiviral and antifungal properties. It also fights free radical damages including cataracts, heart diseases, and cancer. Curcumin also proved to be effective in lowering cholesterol level. Research showed that the curcumin inhibits the production of lipozygenase and cyclooxygenase-2, enzymes that promotes inflammation in the body such as arthritis. It also prevents the growth of Helicobacter pylori which causes gastric ulcers and is linked with gastric cancers. Curcumin also protects the brain. Curcumin is a natural detoxifier, protecting the liver from the effects of alcohol and other toxic chemicals.

Folic Acid produces healthy red blood cells and prevents anemia in both children and adults. It is especially important in pregnancy and infancy and is also believed to help in the prevention of cancer, stroke and heart disease.

Glucosamine Sulfate provides lubrication for healthy joints and helps in arthritic pain. It is helpful in alleviating joint pain and other symptoms. It ensures a natural replacement for aspirin and anti-inflammatory drugs. It promotes repair in worn-out joints and assists in maintaining normal joint function and resiliency. Studies have shown that glucosamine plays an important role in assisting to keep the joints in the body lubricated and supple. It stimulates manufacturing of glycosaminoglyúcans, which are important structural components in cartilage that line the joints. It also encourages incorporation of sulfur into cartiúlage. This makes glucosamine sulfate the most effective type. It helps control pain and inflammation of degenerative joint disease like osteoarthritis.

Inositol is a nutrient that occurs naturally in various forms. The most common form is myo-inositol. Inositol can be produced inside the human body from glucose and it is considered to be very effective. It is direct precursor of phospholipids, a major cellular membrane component. This nutrient helps in maintenance of electrical energy along with the transfer of nutrients across the cell membranes. Inositol also acts as a lipotropic that helps in the changing of fat into useful products. Apart from establishing healthy membranes, Inositol also facilitates the nerve impulses. Experts recommend a low dosage of 500mg capsule of Inositol. You can take several grams at one time only if you have previously tried a lesser amount. Inositol supplements can be beneficial for people with a bipolar disorder, impotence, lung cancer, depression or a panic disorder.

Iodine, a necessary element used by the body to make the thyroid hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine. These Thyroid hormones are needed to maintain a healthy metabolic rate and cellular metabolism.

Isoleucine- An important essential amino acid is isoleucine which is also part of the three “branched chain amino acids” along with leucine and valine. Since it is an essential amino acid it cannot be synthesized in the body and thus isoleucine has to be ingested in the diet (almonds, chicken, eggs, cashews, fish, lentils, liver, meat etc.). Isoleucine is required for muscle recovery and also for the formation of haemoglobin. Isoleucine also assists in regulating blood sugar levels and energy levels. It is also involved in blood-clot formation. Isoleucine deficiency is present only in those people who are lacking in protein intake. Deficiency may lead to dizziness, fatigue, depression etc. Excessive amounts of isoleucine doesn’t seem to be a problem though it isn’t recommended for those with kidney or liver disease.

Leucine is an essential amino acid that works together with isoleucine and valine, forming the three branched chain amino acids (BCAA). Leucine is easily converted by to body to glucose, helping to regulate and maintain the blood sugar level. Leucine promotes muscle recovery, muscle repair and provides the body with energy. It also helps in burning fat that are least responsive to exercise and dieting. Leucine helps in toning the body and the muscles. Leucine prevents muscle loss by breaking down and converting to glucose, this prevents the body from breaking down muscle tissues to create energy, particularly during intense workouts and heavy weight lifting.

Magnesium is another mineral which is deemed essential for all biological life. As an essential part of basic nucleic acid, magnesium ions, together with phosphate ions, are also required for over 300 catalytic reactions of enzymes. Any enzymes synthesizing or utilizing adenosine triphosphate require a magnesium ion. Incredulously enough, magnesium deficiency is the most widespread deficiency, affecting a third of the population in the United States only, with third world countries surpassing the count easily. Being also essential, together with calcium and phosphorus, in the skeletal structure, magnesium deficiency is viewed as a main factor in ailments such as osteoporosis. Naturally available through cereals, green leafy vegetables, nuts, spices, tea, cocoa and coffee, magnesium is available as a supplement in magnesium oxide and magnesium citrate form, whereby the latter is viewed as more bioavailable.

Manganese is a mineral that is required in small amounts to manufacture enzymes necessary for the metabolism of proteins and fat. It also aids the immune system and blood sugar balance. Manganese is also involved in the production of cellular energy, reproduction and bone growth.

Molybdenum is essential in regulating pH balance in the body, enhancing the body’s ability to burn fat. Very small amounts are needed. Molybdenum is necessary for the proper function of certain enzyme-dependent processes, including the metabolism of iron. Molybdenum also promotes normal cell function and helps in the activation of certain enzymes, it is a key component of the metabolic enzyme xanthine oxidase. Molybdenum is found in the liver, bones and kidneys. It supports bone growth and teeth strength. A deficiency may cause impotence in older men. High intakes of sulfur and diets high in refined and processed foods may decrease molybdenum levels.There is no recommended dietary allowance for molybdenum.

MSM is also known as methylsulfonylmethane. It is known to enhance the effectiveness of antioxidants and other bioflavinoids. It is used for increased alertness and ability to concentrate as well as improved mood. MSM is often used to prevent and treat muscle cramps in the legs and back due to inactivity and strenuous use. It improves hair and cuticle growth as well as reduces wrinkles from aging. This supplement also seems to help in the body's ability to produce insulin choline and speeds up the metabolizing carbohydrates.

Naringin, which is a citrus flavanoid that is found in grapefruit. Naringin is commonly used in energy supplements as it may extend the duration of the effects of caffeine.

Pancreatin is an enzyme used to enhance low levels of digestive enzymes. It is often used by people having cystic fibrosis. It heals deficiency of pancreatic secretions. Also known as pancreatic acid, it is beneficial in cases of food allergies, autoimmune disease, celiac disease, cancer, and weight loss. Pancreatin is a mixture of pancreatic enzymes trypsin, amylase, and lipase, and is very similar in nature to another enzyme called pancrelipase. The main thing differentiating the two enzymes is that pancrelipase has more active lipase enzyme than pancreatin. Pancreatin is an efficacious enzyme supplement for replacing missing pancreatic enzymes that are essential in a number of body processes. It also helps eradicate routine cancer.

Pantothenic Acid also known as B5 is a natural, inexpensive and safe form of curing acne. It is free from all negative side effects. It is best suited for people with oily skin as it stops the overproduction of oil within our body. It converts the carbohydrates and fats into energy effectively when synthesized with other Vitamin B. Additionally it also helps your body produce red blood cells and metabolizes fats. It plays a significant role in reducing physical and mental stress because it works along with the stress hormone producing adrenal gland. Pantothenic acid is present in all kinds of food and therefore our body gets sufficient amount of it. As it is impossible for our body to become deficient in pantothenic acid, there is no recommended daily amount of it. Eggs, whole grains and milk contain panthothenic acid in large numbers.

Papain is a mixture of proteolytic enzymes derived from the fruits of papaya and certain other plants. It helps catalyze several chemical reactions within the cells, particularly digestive enzymes. Papain acts by mildly soothing the stomach and aids in the digestion of protein. It relieves heartburn, indigestion, treat ulcer, and regulates the acidity in the stomach. In fact, Papain is often used tenderizer for meat. It is also an effective anti-inflammatory agent. It is also used to dissolve membranes in diphtheria and reduce fever, swelling and adhesion. Topically, it is used to cure boils, warts and freckes, and to treat burns and sore throat. Papain also has anticarcinogenic properties.

Selenium is a trace mineral that plays an important role in several metabolic pathways such as glutathione-peroxidise pathway. Selenium works with Vitamin E which gives its strong antioxidant effects and improves the immune system. It protects the body from prematurely aging. It also help prevent free radical damages that may cause heart diseases and cancer. It is essential in the proper function of the thyroid hormones, and promotes efficient metabolism. It is also beneficial in the reproductive health particularly of men because it facilitates in the sperm production, and prevents infertility. Selenium also helps reduce inflammation which is beneficial to those with rheumatism to reduce pain.

Valine- One of the several essential amino acids present in the human body is Valine. This is also a nonpolar, branched chain amino acid which is found in high concentrations in the muscles. Since it is an essential amino acid, valine is not synthesised in the body and thus must be ingested as part of the diet. Valine is available through foods like fish, poultry, peanuts, sesame seeds, lentils and cottage cheese. Valine is essential for muscle, growth and repair of tissue and for maintaining the body’s nitrogen balance. Since it has a branched chain, valine can be used as an energy source in the muscles and thus conserves glucose. Hence valine is often used by bodybuilders to support muscle growth and provide energy. A deficiency of valine in the body, caused by the inability of the body to metabolise valine leads to the Maple Syrup Urine Disease in which the person’s urine smells like maple syrup.

Vitamin B12 is a water-souble member of the vitamin B complex. Requirements are in the microgram range, which is lower than the milligram range of the other B vitamins. Vitamin B12 is involved in the production of red blood cells and is usually known as the anti-anemia vitamin.

Vitamin B2 is a water-soluble vitamin with no known toxic effects. Riboflavin (Vitamin B2) is necessary in the oxidative process of metabolism. It is also sometimes used to correct certain enzyme deficiencies and improve mental processes.

Vitamin B3 is also known as Niacin or nicotinic acid. It helps in the conversion of carbohydrates into glucose that serves as fuel for energy. It also helps the body in metabolizing fats and proteins. Niacin also helps in the production of hormones necessary for the body to function properly. It is also effective in improving the circulation in the body. It lowers cholesterol, triglycerides and blood sugar level. It also helps in the treatment of coronary artery disease. It also helps in regulating the blood sugar level. Niacin also helps prevent the Pellagra disease, which causes digestive problems, diarrhea, dermatitis, hyper-pigmentation, amnesia, dementia, delirium, and even death. Niacin also helps prevent Alzheimer’s disease, diabetes, and is also effective in treating acne.

Vitamin B5, also called Pantothenic acid, which is a water-soluble vitamin required by the human body. Vitamin B5 is needed to form coenzyme-A (CoA), and is vital in the metabolism and synthesis of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats.

Vitamin B6contains pyridoxal phosphate, or PLP for short, as the active ingredient and is a vitamin belonging to the B complex grouping. It is functioning mainly as a co-enzyme with others in the human body, aiding in the proper function of several metabolic processes. Neurotransmitter synthesis, as well as hemoglobin and histamine synthesis are just some of the functions of PLP, hemoglobin function, gene expression and aiding in the facilitation of decarboxylation, elimination and other reactions, mainly taking place in the liver. Vitamin B6 was found to diminish by 50% the risk of Parkinson’s disease. Alternative medicine suggests the use of Vitamin B6 to combat autism, in combination with magnesium. This combination has shown effects with children suffering from attention deficit disorders. PLP also seems to show therapeutic effects for diabetic nephropathy.

Vitamin C is an obvious essential nutrient and a deficiency of this will cause scurvy. It is also an antioxidant and acts as an electron donor for eight different enzymes.

Vitamin D is actually a group of prohormones, all fat soluble, whereby ergocalciferol, or Vitamin D2 and cholecalciferol, also known as Vitamin D3 are the most common forms. The Vitamin D3 form is made when human skin is exposed to UV B radiation. The active form of Vitamin D is calcitrol and it is required in the body to manage phosphorus and calcium levels, but, among other functions, to affect anti tumor activity, immunomodulatory functions and much more. Vitamin D, or more accurately calcitrol, is being bound to a carrier protein, which allows it to be transported throughout the body to the various destinations. The Vitamin D receptors, steroid and thyroid hormone receptors, can be found in most organs, including the brain, skin, heart, breast, prostate and gonads.

Vitamin E, an anti-oxidant nutrient, neutralizes free radicals in the human body to prevent cell damage. This fat-soluble vitamin not only aids the formation of red blood cells but also helps in the absorption of vitamins A, C and K. It is also very helpful to fight various ailments. Since the human body cannot produce vitamin E on its own; it has to be incorporated in our daily diet. This can be done either by consuming foods that are rich in vitamin E or by taking vitamin E supplements. The RDA for adult males is 10 mg. while 8 mg. is the daily requirement for adult females. Expecting and nursing women should compulsorily take 10 mg. of vitamin E supplements. Vitamin E supplements are most effective when consumed with food.

Vitamin K- The lipophillic, hydrophobic vitamins needed for the posttranslational modification of certain proteins is denoted by the Vitamin K. It is required mostly for blood coagulation. K3, K4 and K5 are the three types of synthetic Vitamin K that are used in many areas. Pet food industry makes use of Vitamin K3 whereas Vitmanin K5 is used to inhibit fungal growth. The main sources of vitamin K are spinach, cauliflower, broccoli, cabbage and a few fruits like kiwifruit and avocado. Recent research shows that vitamin K helps in increasing bone mass. Research also shows that the consumption of vitamin K helps in promoting osteotrophic processes while at the same time slowing the osteoclastic processes. This process is done by achieving the calcium bonding in the bones.

Zinc is a metallic chemical element and an essential trace element, whereby only two to four grams of Zinc are found in the human body. There are several biological roles that Zinc plays in humans, including the metabolism of RNA and DNA, gene expression and the regulation of apoptosis. It is deemed vital for proper brain activity and essential in the learning process. It is also critical for the central nervous system, but is also found in muscle, bones, liver, kidneys, eyes and most prominently in the prostate. It is supplied to the body by the ingestion of red meats, particularly beef and lamb, but can also be found in seeds, including sesame and mustard, wheat, beans, whole grains, sunflower seeds and nuts, including almonds.